(untitled) (ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ, 2025)
Annoatatsiya: Dunyo tillari lug‘at boyligida boshqa tillardan kirib kelgan so‘zlar salmoqli o‘rin egallaydi. Oʻrta asrlarda o‘zbek va ispan tillariga arabcha soʻzlarning bosim bilan kirib kelishi arab dunyosi, jumladan, arab tilining bevosita taʼsiri kuchayganligidan dalolat beradi. Muayyan tushunchani anglatuvchi leksema mavjud bo‘lmaganda yoki uni qo‘llashdagi noqulayliklar sababli soʻzlovchi o‘zlashma so‘z arabizmlarni nutqda qo‘llay boshlagan. Arabizmlarning ba’zilari to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri o‘zlashgan bo‘lsa, ba’zilari uchinchi yo to‘rtinchi vositachi til orqali ham kirib kelgan. Bu davrda so‘zlar fonetik va orfografik o‘zgarishlarga uchragan, ularda ma’no torayish yoki kengayish hodisasi ro‘y bergan, ko‘pincha o‘zlashgan so‘zlar har bir tilda mavjud ichki qonuniyatlarga bo‘ysungan. Abstract. In the vocabulary of world languages, words that have entered from other languages ​​occupy a significant place. The penetration of Arabic words into the Uzbek and Spanish languages ​​in the Middle Ages indicates the direct influence of the Arab world, including the Arabic language. In the absence of a lexeme denoting a certain concept or due to inconvenience in using it, speakers began to use borrowed words - Arabisms in speech. Some of the Arabisms were directly adopted, while others entered through a third or fourth intermediary language. During this period, words underwent phonetic and orthographic changes, their meaning was narrowed or expanded, and often the adopted words were subject to the internal laws of each language.