ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ - Международный научный электронный журнал ISSN (р): 2181-3825 ISSN (е): 2181-3817 Журнал направлен на публикацию научных, методических, методических и художественных статей и диссертаций, связанных с областями науки.
TARQOQ SKLEROZ VA NEYRODEGENERATSIYA, KOGNITIV BUZILISHLARNI BASHORAT QILISHDA BIOMARKERLARNING O‘RNI
Ushbu maqolada tarqoq skleroz (TS)da kognitiv buzilishlarni bashorat qilishda biomarkerlarning diagnostik va prognostik ahamiyati yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda neyrofilament yengil zanjiri (NfL) va glial fibrillyar kislotali oqsil (GFAP) darajalari tahlil qilinib, ularning neyrodegeneratsiya va kognitiv yetishmovchilik bilan bog‘liqligi aniqlangan. Neyrovizualizatsiya ma’lumotlari biomarkerlar konsentratsiyasi bilan miya korteksining atrofiya darajasi o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlikni ko‘rsatadi. Maqola TS bilan og‘rigan bemorlarda shaxsiylashtirilgan monitoring strategiyalarini ishlab chiqish uchun klinik amaliyotda ushbu biomarkerlarning ahamiyatini asoslaydi.
Tarqoq skleroz, neyrodegeneratsiya, kognitiv buzilishlar, biomarkerlar, neyrofilament yengil zanjiri.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ADVERBS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the structural, semantic, and functional characteristics of adverbs in English and Uzbek languages. The study examines the types of adverbs, their formation methods, their position in sentences, and their semantic features. The aim is to identify similar and different aspects of adverbs in English and Uzbek languages, evaluate their communicative functions, and highlight problems that arise during translation. Based on examples from various sources, the linguistic and sociolinguistic characteristics of adverbs in these languages are analyzed.
adverb, comparative linguistics, English language, Uzbek language, morphology, syntax, semantics, speech, translation.
AUTHENTIC TEXTS IN TEACHING READING: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN CLASSROOM LEARNING AND REAL-WORLD LITERACY
The main objective of this article is to highlight the importance and efficiency of authentic texts in teaching reading across diverse learner contexts. Authentic texts—materials created for genuine communicative purposes (e.g., newspapers, blogs, advertisements)—offer unmodified linguistic and cultural input, fostering engagement, critical thinking, and pragmatic competence. Having seen a systematic review of 30 empirical studies (2010–2024), we demonstrate that authentic texts significantly enhance motivation, cultural awareness, and real-world literacy skills compared to traditional pedagogical materials. Challenges include lexical complexity and scaffolding demands, yet these are addressable through strategic task design. We argue for the structured integration of authentic texts into reading curricula to prepare learners for functional literacy demands. In this article, the concept of authentic texts is explained. Form 10 students are chosen as a sample population of this study and most students are inclined to understand authentic texts as reading passages easily and efficiently developing cultural awareness and motivation to further studying. The result of this study is expected to help teachers to teach reading using new teaching strategies which encourages their students to learn more and enhance their reading proficiency.
Authentic texts, reading pedagogy, literacy development, L2 acquisition, critical literacy, scaffolding
Turg’unboyev Muhammadbobur Faxriddin o’g’li
GINEKOLOGIYA FANINING DOLZARBLIGI. AYOLLAR SALOMATLIGINI YAXSHILASHDA ZAMONAVIY TIBBIYOTDAGI YANGILIKLAR
Ginekologiya - bu ayollar sog‘lig‘ini asrash, ularning reproduktiv tizimi faoliyatini o‘rganish va davolashga qaratilgan fan bo‘lib, zamonaviy tibbiyotda alohida ahamiyatga ega. Ayollarda uchraydigan ginekologik kasalliklar nafaqat individual salomatlikka, balki oilaviy hayot va jamiyat rivojiga ham bevosita ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Bugungi kunda yirik ilmiy izlanishlar, yangi tashxislash va davolash usullarining joriy etilishi ginekologiya sohasida sezilarli natijalarni bermoqda. Shuningdek, profilaktik choralarni kuchaytirish, sog‘lom turmush tarzini shakllantirish, ayollarni muntazam tibbiy ko‘rikdan o‘tkazish va ularni kasalliklardan ogohlantirish ushbu fan dolzarbligini yanada oshiradi. Shu sababli ginekologiya fani nafaqat davolash, balki jamiyat salomatligini ta’minlashda ham alohida o‘rin tutadi.
cervical cancer, breast, contraception, HPV vaccination, uterus, ovary, fallopian tubes, infertility, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, myoma, Pap test, mammography, laparoscopy, and hysteroscopy.
To’xtamurodova Ma’sumaxon Nurmurodjon qizi
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS AND SOLVING THEM USING CRAMER'S RULE
In this scientific article, the theoretical foundations and practical application of solving systems of linear equations using Cramer's rule are described. The method is based on determining the unknowns through determinants and is applicable only when the main determinant is nonzero. The algorithm steps are demonstrated on examples with two and three unknowns, and the general form of the formulas is presented.
Cramer's rule, trapezoid, system of linear equations, algebraic method, determinant, constant term.
O‘ZBEKISTONDA “YASHIL” IQTISODIYOTGA O‘TISH STRATEGIYASI.
Quyidagi maqolada "Yashil" iqtisodiyot tushunchasining shakllanishi, rivojlanish bosqichlari va dolzarbligi keng yoritilgan. Dastlabki iqtisodiy qarashlar — fiziokratlar ta’limotidan boshlab, zamonaviy global inqirozlar, ekologik muammolar va iqlim o‘zgarishlari ta’sirida shakllangan yashil iqtisodiy modelga qadar bo‘lgan jarayonlar tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, BMTning atrof-muhitga oid tashabbuslari, 2008-yilgi global inqiroz fonida UNEP tomonidan ilgari surilgan strategiyalar, xalqaro tajribalar hamda O‘zbekiston Respublikasining yashil iqtisodiyotga o‘tish strategiyasi chuqur ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada yashil iqtisodiyotning asosiy tamoyillari — uglerod chiqindilarini kamaytirish, energiya samaradorligini oshirish va tabiiy resurslardan oqilona foydalanish muhim yo‘nalishlar sifatida ko‘rsatilgan. Shuningdek, barqaror rivojlanish, ekologik xavfsizlik, yashil texnologiyalar va xalqaro reytinglardagi o‘rinlar orqali mamlakatlar yutuqlari tahlil etilgan. Yashil iqtisodiyotning global va milliy ahamiyati, u orqali kelajak avlodlar uchun sog‘lom va barqaror muhit yaratish zarurati asoslanadi.
Degredatsiya, sof o‘sish, ekotizimlar, resurs, global muammolar, ekologik xavsizlik, Rio konferensiya, ekologik taqchilik, iqtisodiy o‘sish, barqaror rivojlanish, UNEP, biologik xilma-xillik, yashil iqtisodiyot, inqiroz, ”Yashil”o‘sish indeksi, yashil sektorlar, moliyaviy mexanizmlar, sanoat chiqindilari, qayta tiklanuvchi energiya manbalari,
IQLIM O‘ZGARISHINING QISHLOQ XO‘JALIGIGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqolada iqlim o‘zgarishining qishloq xo‘jaligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Iqlim o‘zgarishining asosiy sabablaridan boshlab, uning qishloq xo‘jaligidagi hosil, suv resurslari va zararkunandalar ustidagi ta’siri ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, ushbu muammolarga qarshi moslashish choralar va O‘zbekiston sharoitidagi holat tahlil etiladi. Maqola iqlim o‘zgarishiga qarshi samarali strategiyalar ishlab chiqish va qishloq xo‘jaligini barqaror rivojlantirish zaruratini ta’kidlaydi.
iqlim o‘zgarishi, iqlim sharoitlari, haroratning ortishi, sug‘orish tizimlari, iqlim o‘zgarishiga moslashish, sifat va barqarorlik
ДОППЛЕРОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ НИЖНЫХ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ ПРИ ВАРИКОЗНОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ
В статье на основании анализа литературы и собственного опыта изложены основные принципы рационального применения ультразвуковой диагностики при варикозной болезни. Дана общая характеристика и описаны возможности различных ультразвуковых технологий при исследовании вен нижних конечностей. Особое внимание уделено стандартизации исследования. Прове- дено всестороннее сравнение ультразвукового ангиосканирования и рентгенологических методов. Определена роль ультразвукового исследования при обследовании больных с варикозной болезнью.
варикозная болезнь, ультразвуковое исследование, допплерография, ангиосканирование, картирование.
МИНИИНВАЗИВНЫЕ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ПЕРФОРАТИВНЫХ ЯЗВ ДВИНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИ
Тяжелое угрожающее жизни осложнение-перфорация продолжает занимать ведущие позиции в структуре летальности при язвенной болезни двенадцатиперстной кишки. Количество операций за последние десятилетия держится на уровне 7,5-13 на 100.000 человек, а летальность составляет от 5 до 17,9% (Ю.М. Панциров с соавт., 2005; Ш.И. Каримов с соавт., 2010). Эндовидеохирургическое лечение повреждений органов брюшной полости и забрюшинного пространства является одним из самых перспективных направлений современной хирургии ( А.М.Хаджибаев с соавт., 2014; А.Н.Тулупов, 2015).
настоящей работы явился анализ использования эндовидеохирургического метода при лечении больных с перфоративными пилоробульбарными язвами.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROBIOTICS AND PREBIOTICS IN GASTRIC DISEASES
Gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, functional dyspepsia, and gastroesophageal reflux disease represent some of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide, affecting more than 40% of the global population. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of probiotics and prebiotics in the management of gastric diseases. A prospective clinical observation was conducted in two regional hospitals in Uzbekistan from 2024 to 2025, involving 60 patients divided into three groups: standard pharmacological therapy only, therapy plus probiotics, and therapy plus a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. Clinical indicators, including symptom resolution time, recurrence rate within six months, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and patient satisfaction, were assessed. The results demonstrated that both probiotics and prebiotics improved clinical outcomes, with the combined therapy showing the most significant benefits, including shorter symptom resolution time (5.6 ± 1.3 days), lower recurrence (8%), and higher patient satisfaction (92%). These findings suggest that integrating probiotics and prebiotics into standard treatment regimens may enhance recovery, reduce complications, and improve patient reported outcomes. Nevertheless, larger multicenter studies are needed to validate these results and strengthen clinical recommendations.
Gastric diseases; probiotics; prebiotics; clinical outcomes; recurrence; antibiotic-associated diarrhea; patient satisfaction; Uzbekistan study
LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY – AN EFFECTIVE SURGICAL APPROACH FOR ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Acute appendicitis is one of the most frequent surgical emergencies globally, and appendectomy remains the definitive treatment. While open appendectomy has historically been considered the standard procedure, laparoscopic appendectomy has increasingly gained prominence as a minimally invasive alternative. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic and open appendectomy in patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. A prospective comparative analysis was conducted on 80 patients between 2023 and 2024, with 40 undergoing open appendectomy and 40 undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. Key parameters analyzed included operative time, postoperative pain, hospital stay, and complication rates. The results demonstrated that although laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with a longer operative time (55.3 ± 9.5 minutes vs. 46.5 ± 8.2 minutes, p=0.02), it provided significant clinical benefits such as reduced pain duration (1.9 ± 0.7 vs. 3.8 ± 1.1 days, p<0.01), shorter hospital stay (3.1 ± 1.0 vs. 6.2 ± 1.4 days, p<0.001), and fewer complications (5% vs. 15%, p=0.04). These findings confirm that laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe and effective surgical approach for acute appendicitis, particularly in uncomplicated cases, offering superior recovery and reduced morbidity compared to open surgery.
Acute appendicitis; laparoscopic appendectomy; open appendectomy; minimally invasive surgery; postoperative outcomes; surgical complications; hospital stay; recovery.
ONA TILI O‘QITISHDA ZAMONAVIY PEDAGOGIK TEXNOLOGIYALAR (KLASTER, B-B-B, SINKVEYN)DAN FOYDALANISH
Mazkur maqolada ona tili o‘qitish jarayonida zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalardan – klaster, B-B-B (Bilaman – Bilishni xohlayman – Bildim) hamda sinkveyn metodlaridan foydalanish imkoniyatlari yoritilgan. Ularning nazariy asoslari, qo‘llash tartibi va dars samaradorligiga ta’siri ilmiy jihatdan asoslab berilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada ushbu texnologiyalar o‘quvchilarda mustaqil fikrlash, ijodiy tafakkur va nutqiy kompetensiyalarni shakllantirishdagi ahamiyati tahlil etilgan.
ona tili, metodika, zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar, klaster, B-B-B, sinkveyn, innovatsion ta’lim.
MAKTABLARDA ZAMONAVIY MATEMATIKA VA UNING RIVOJI
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy matematika haqida tushuncha berilgan. Zamonaviy o‘qitish tizimida matematika fanini o‘qitish va yurtimizda o‘quvchilarning har tomonlama sifatli ta’lim olishi uchun qilinayotgan ishlar haqida aytib o‘tilgan. Darslarni to‘g‘ri va samarali tashkil qilishda axborot texnalogiyalaridan foydalana olish va zamonaviy yoshlarni darslarda faolliklarini oshira olish kerakligi, an’anaviy ta’lim tizimidan zamonaviy ta’lim tizimiga o‘tishimiz zarurligi haqida fikr yuritilgan.
AKT, sun’iy intellekt,innovatsion, interaktiv, abstrakt, algebraik, struktura, algoritm, mantiqiy, tanqidiy
Ontologiya va inson tafakkuri mavzusi falsafa va epistemologiya sohalarida chuqur o‘rganiladigan muhim masalalardan biridir. Bu ikki tushuncha bir birini to‘ldiruvchi va insonning dunyoni anglash jarayonidagi tashqi va ichki holatlarni ifodalovchi atamalardir. Ontologiya mavjudlikning mohiyati, borlikning tuzilishi va mavjud bo‘lgan narsalarning fundamental xususiyatlarini o‘rganadi. Inson tafakkuri esa ong faolligi, bilim olish va uning tizimlashuvi jarayonini ifodalaydi. Ushbu maqolada ontologiya haqida kengroq tushuncha berilib, uning inson tafakkuriga ta’siri hamda ular o‘rtasidagi uzviylik tushuntiriladi.
ontologiya, tafakkur, falsafa, epistemologiya, vazifalar, g‘oyalar, tushunchalar, bilim, munosabatlar.
O‘ZBEK TILIDA KO‘MAKCHILAR TIZIMI VA ULARNING LEKSIKOGRAFIK TALQINI
Bu maqolamiz orqali biz o‘zbek tilidagi ko‘makchilarning ilmiy talqinlari, xususiyatlari, kelishiklar bilan sinonimlik xususiyatlarini o‘rganadi,o‘zbek tilshunosligida ko‘makchilarning ma’nodoshlik tahlili, ko‘makchilarning semantik sintaktik xususiyatlariga bag‘ishlangan. Maqolada o‘zbek va dunyo tilshunosligida ko‘makchilarning o‘rganilishiga oid qarashlar, ko‘makchilashish, metaforik ma’no ko‘chishi kabi hodisalar haqida so‘z yuritiladi
ko‘makchilar, so‘z, til, qo‘shimcha ko‘makchilar,sof va vazifadosh ko‘makchilar, shakl, morfema, yordamchi so‘zlar kategoriyasi.
O‘ZBEK, TURK,OZORBAYJON TILLARINING QIYOSIY-TARIXIY BOSQICHLARINING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Ushbu maqolamiz orqali biz Turkiy tilimizning qaysi tillar bilan etnik bog‘liqligi hamda grammatikasining aloqadorlik darajasini o‘rganib chiqamiz va tadqiqot ishlarini ko‘rib chiqamiz. Turkiy tillar dunyoda eng qadimiy va keng tarqalgan til oilalaridan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu til oilasi Markaziy Osiyo, Kavkaz, Yaqin Sharq va Sharqiy Yevropa hududlarida tarqalgan bo‘lib, 35 dan ortiq tillarga ega. O‘zbek tili esa ushbu oilaning eng yirik vakillaridan biri bo‘lib, so‘zlashuvchilar soni jihatidan turkiy tillar orasida uchinchi o‘rinda turadi.
Turkiy tillar, lahja, til oilalari, atama, mintaqa, genitik aloqadorlik, tadqiqot, aloqa, ma’lumotlar, tarix, fonetik, tipologik tasnifi,
MORFOLOGIK VA FONETIK SHAKLLARNING NUTQDA QOʻLLANISH DARAJASINI ANIQLASH USULLARI
Ushbu maqolada biz tilimizning morfologik va fonetik birliklari va ularning nutqda qo‘llanish darajasini aniqlash usullari ko‘rib chiqilgan. Hamda olamdagi xilma-xil mazmun va munosabatlarni turli nuqtai nazarlardan ko ̳rsata oladigan. Tilimizning tamoman to‘g‘ri ifoda, tiniq tasvir va badiiy ta‘sir imkoniyatlarining chek-u chegarasi yo‘qligini ifodalashda. Tilshunoslikning bir qancha bo‘limlari mavjud. Shulardan morfologiya va fonetika bo‘limlarida biz so‘z shakllarining tarkibiy tuzilishlari haqida so‘z yuritamiz.
Tilshunoslik, morfologik, fonetik, tamoyil,, kelishik qo‘shimcha, imlo qoidasi, birlik, fe‘l, so‘z shakllari, til, yozuv,
BO‘LAJAK INFORMATIKA O‘QITUVCHILARINI METODIK RIVOJLANTIRISHDA ZAMONAVIY TEXNOLOGIYALAR
Mazkur maqolada informatika fanini o‘qitishga tayyorlanayotgan bo‘lajak o‘qituvchilarni kasbiy-metodik jihatdan rivojlantirishda zamonaviy axborot kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari (AKT), raqamli platformalar, onlayn resurslar va innovatsion yondashuvlarning o‘rni yoritilgan. Shuningdek, ularni ta’lim jarayoniga integratsiyalash orqali o‘quvchilar bilimini samarali oshirishga qaratilgan tavsiyalar keltirilgan.
Bo‘lajak o‘qituvchi. Informatika ta’limi. Metodik rivojlanish. Zamonaviy texnologiyalar. Axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari (AKT). Raqamli pedagogika. Interaktiv ta’lim. TPACK modeli. Virtual ta’lim muhitlari. Masofaviy o‘qitish. Blended learning. Pedagogik innovatsiyalar
XORAZM VILOYATIDA BOJXONA VA SOLIQ IMTIYOZLARINING SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
O‘zbekiston Respublikasida iqtisodiy islohotlarni chuqurlashtirish va tadbirkorlik muhitini yaxshilashda soliq hamda bojxona imtiyozlarining ahamiyati beqiyosdir. Mamlakatimizda qabul qilingan “Soliq kodeksi” (2020 yil 30 dekabrda yangi tahriri bilan), “Bojxona kodeksi” (2016 yil 20 yanvar), shuningdek, Prezidentning qator farmon va qarorlari mazkur sohalarda zamonaviy yondashuvlarni joriy etish uchun mustahkam huquqiy asos yaratdi.
1. 2. 3. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Soliq kodeksi. – 2020 yil 30 dekabr, yangi tahrir. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Bojxona kodeksi. – 2016 yil 20 yanvar. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining “Erkin iqtisodiy zonalar faoliyatini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida”gi PQ–4434-son Qarori. – 2019 yil 10 avgust.
ELEKTRON TIJORAT SUB’YEKTLARINI SOLIQQA TORTISH TIZIMINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO‘LLARI
Raqamli texnologiyalar bugungi kunda nafaqat jamiyat hayotining turli jabhalarini, balki iqtisodiyotni ham tubdan o‘zgartirmoqda. Ayniqsa, elektron tijorat sohasining jadal rivojlanishi zamonaviy iqtisodiyotda yangi istiqbollar, yangi imkoniyatlar va shu bilan birga, yangi muammolarni keltirib chiqarmoqda. Deyarli har bir sohada internet orqali mahsulot va xizmatlar taklif qilishning osonligi, xarajatlar va vaqt tejalishi, raqobatbardoshlikning ortishi bu sohaning ommalashuviga sabab bo‘lmoqda. Ayni vaqtda, elektron savdoning jadal rivojlanishi uni soliqqa tortish tizimi bilan muvofiqlashtirish zaruratini keskin oshirdi.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasida elektron tijorat bozori yildan-yilga kengayib bormoqda. Odamlar orasida internet orqali xarid qilish, to‘lovlarni onlayn amalga oshirish, mahsulotlarni yetkazib berish xizmatlaridan foydalanish tobora ommalashib bormoqda. Shu bilan birga, bu o‘zgarishlar mavjud soliq tizimi uchun yangi chaqiriqlarga sabab bo‘lmoqda. Ko‘plab onlayn tadbirkorlar rasmiy ro‘yxatdan o‘tmasdan faoliyat yuritayotgani bois, davlat byudjeti katta miqdordagi tushumlardan mahrum bo‘lmoqda. Natijada, iqtisodiyotda norasmiy sektor hajmi oshib bormoqda.
Ushbu maqolada Sohibqiron Amir Temurning hayotiy faoliyati va madaniy me‘moriy, ilmiy-ma‘naviy merosi haqida so‘z yuritilgan.
Jahon svilizatsiyasi, istiqbol, yoshlar ongiga singdirish, jahon tarixi, uyg‘onish davri, jahon hamjamiyati, ma’rifat homiysi, ma’naviyat egasi,xamsanavis, milliy o’zlikni anglash.
MARKAZIY OSIYODA MA’RIFATPARVARLIK HARAKATINING VUJUDGA KELISHI VA RIVOJLANISH BOSQICHLARI
Markaziy Osiyo tarixan ilm-ma’rifat maskanlaridan hisoblangan. Bu o‘lkada yashovchi musulmonlar orasidan esa o‘zlarining ilmlari, qarashlari bilan jahon hamjamiyatiga naf keltirgan mutaffakkirlar, ma’rifatparvarlar yetishib chiqqanligi hech kimga sir emas. Ammo ma’lum bir davrlar bo‘ladiki, zalolatga ketgan xalqda ilm-ma’rifatga bo‘lgan rag‘bat asta-sekinlik bilan yo‘qola boshlaydi. Natijada bu kabi xalqlarda madaniyat yo‘qolib, dindan uzoqlashish holatlari kuzatiladi. Diyorimiz ham bu holatlarni ma’lum miqdorda boshidan o‘tkazganligiga tarix guvoh
Markaziy Osiyo ma’rifatparvarlik harakati ijtimoiy-siyosiy, milliy va diniy qadriyatlarga asoslangan bo‘lib, o‘lka musulmonlari manfaatlariga javob bergan, ijtimoiy taraqqiyot masalalarini to‘la anglab yetgan harakat sifatida vujudga keldi.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORY DURING THE SHAYBANI DYNASTY
This article is about the development of historical sciences during the Shaybani dynasty, together with the information that the Shaybani rulers, especially Shaybani Khan, showed respect to scientists. Also, written information about representatives of this dynasty in the works of foreign historians.
Shaybani dynasty, Muhammad Shaibani Khan, historical sciences, Shaibaniname, Abdullaname, Tawarihi Guzidai Nusratname, Badoe ul waqaye, Muzakkir ul-ahbab, Zubdat ul Asrar, H. Vamberi
SHAYBONIYLAR DAVLATIDA TARIX ILMI RIVOJI
Shayboniylar davrida fan va madaniyatning rivojlanishida mazkur sulola namoyandalarning tutgan o„rni katta bo„lgan. Avvalo, ularning o’zlari nihoyatda o’qimishli shaxslar edilar. Chunonchi, Muhammad Shayboniyxon, Ko’chkinchixon, Ubaydulloxon, Abdulazizxon kabi shayboniylar turkiy va forsiyda she’r bitganlar. Diniy va dunyoviy ilmlarda yetarli salohiyatga ega bo’lganlar. Muhammad Shayboniyxon yoshligida ta’mni Buxoro madrasasida olgan. Ubaydulloxonning musiqa ilmiga katta rag’bati bo’lgani, musiqiy asboblar chalgani, nozik xusnixat egasi ekanligpi ma’lum.
Shayboniylar davrida ham tarix ilmi juda rivoj topgan. XVI asr tarixini yoritib beruvchi “Tavorixi guzidai nusratnoma”, Mulla Shodiyning “Fathnoma”, Binoiyning “Shayboniynoma”, Muhammad Solihning “Shayboniynoma”, Abdulloh Nasrullohning “Zubdat al-asror”, Fazlulloh Ro’zbexonning “Mehmonnomai Buxoro”, Zayniddin Vosifiyning “Badoe ul vaqoye”, Hofiz Tanish Buxoriyning “Abdullanoma” kabi mumtoz tarixiy asarlari fikrimiz dalilidir.
THE PROBLEM OF INFORMATION SPEED AND QUALITY IN INTERNET JOURNALISM
The rapid rise of Internet journalism has revolutionized the media industry by enabling instant news delivery. However, this increased speed often compromises the accuracy, depth, and ethical standards of reporting. This article explores the growing tension between speed and quality in online journalism, analyzing how the digital race for attention affects news credibility, journalistic integrity, and public trust. Through recent developments and challenges, the paper emphasizes the need for responsible reporting practices in the age of digital immediacy.
Internet journalism, news speed, information accuracy, digital media ethics, online reporting, misinformation, media responsibility, real-time news
ISSUES OF ORGANIZING INTERNAL AUDIT SERVICE IN ENTERPRISES
In modern conditions, the organization of an internal audit service in a company allows the management of this company to provide the most transparent and reliable economic information on financial and economic activities for effective and accurate decision-making, a highly effective accounting system and prevention of violations, and confirmation of the objectivity and reliability of reports of structural units. , optimizes taxation.
internal audit, organizational forms of internal control, internal audit service, internal audit tasks, internal audit effectiveness.
EKOLOGIK IFLOSLANISHNING IQTISODIY NARXI: O’ZBEKISTON MISOLIDA
Maqolada Toshkent shahridagi havo ifloslanishining iqtisodiy oqibatlari ko‘rib chiqilgan. Mavjud statistik ma’lumotlar, xalqaro tashkilotlar hisobotlari va ilmiy tahlillarga asoslanib, havo ifloslanishining inson salomatligiga, mehnat unumdorligiga va davlat byudjetiga ta’siri yoritildi. Shuningdek, ushbu muammoning yalpi ichki mahsulotga (YAIM) salbiy ta’siri va investitsion xavf omillaridan biri sifatida ko‘rilishi asoslandi. Tadqiqot natijalari Toshkent shahrida ekologik muvozanatni tiklash va iqtisodiy barqarorlikni ta’minlash uchun kompleks yondashuv zarurligini ko‘rsatdi.
This article explores the economic consequences of air pollution in Tashkent city. Based on official statistics, international reports, and scientific analysis, the study highlights the adverse effects of air pollution on public health, labor productivity, and the national budget. The article also substantiates the negative impact of air pollution on the country’s GDP and its role as a factor reducing investment attractiveness. The research findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to restore ecological balance and ensure sustainable economic development in Uzbekistan.
DIGITAL SILK ROAD: PROSPECTS FOR UZBEKISTAN IN THE NEW EURASIAN ECONOMIC ORDER
The Digital Silk Road (DSR), a technological dimension of China's Belt and Road Initiative, is transforming digital connectivity across Asia, Europe, and beyond. This article explores Uzbekistan's strategic potential within this initiative as the country seeks to modernize its digital infrastructure and integrate into the New Eurasian Economic Order. The paper examines Uzbekistan’s progress in digital policy, regional cooperation, and transnational fiber-optic networks. Through qualitative analysis of government strategies, international reports, and infrastructure projects, the study identifies key opportunities and risks. Findings suggest that Uzbekistan, leveraging its geographic and political positioning, can emerge as a regional digital hub if it successfully manages issues such as cybersecurity, digital sovereignty, and international alignment.
Digital Silk Road; Uzbekistan; Eurasian connectivity; digital infrastructure; Belt and Road Initiative; regional cooperation; digital economy
ОLIY TА’LIM MUАSSАSАLАRIDА TYUTОRLАR FАОLIYАTI VA ULARNING KАSBIY KОMPЕTЕNTLIGINI RIVОJLАNTIRISH MЕTОDIKАSI
Ushbu maqolada ta’lim va tarbiya jarayonida ustoz va murabbiylarning oʻrni, ularning jamiyat taraqqiyotidagi ahamiyati qadimgi mutafakkirlar, xususan, Yusuf Xos Hojib, Burhoniddin Zarnudjiy hamda zamonaviy oʻzbek olimlari va davlat arboblarining asarlari asosida tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada shuningdek, tyutorlik va mentorlik kabi zamonaviy murabbiylik formatlari koʻrib chiqilib, ularning ta’lim tizimidagi ahamiyati yoritiladi. Asosiy e’tibor oʻqituvchining axloqiy fazilatlari, bilimdonligi, kasbiy mahorati va amaliy koʻnikmalarni berish zarurligiga qaratilgan.
Ta’lim, tarbiya, ustoz, murabbiy, Yusuf Xos Hojib, Burhoniddin Zarnudjiy, tyutor, mentor, kasbiy mahorat, amaliy koʻnikmalar.
UZUMNI QAYTA ISHLASH CHIQINDILARINING UTILIZATSIYASI
Ushbu tezisning maqsadi uzumni qayta ishlash jarayonida hosil boʻladigan chiqindilarni utilizatsiya qilishning samarali usullarini oʻrganish va ularning iqtisodiy, ekologik ahamiyatini asoslashdir. Tadqiqot uzum qoldiqlari (poʻstlogʻi, urugʻi, novdalari) tarkibidagi qimmatli biokomponentlarni aniqlash, ularni ajratib olish texnologiyalarini tahlil qilish va qayta ishlash mahsulotlarining qoʻllanilish sohalarini yoritishga qaratilgan [1].
Uzumni qayta ishlash chiqindilari asosan jiyda (marc), poʻstloq, urugʻ va novdalardan iborat. Ularning tarkibi uzum navi, yetishtirish sharoiti va qayta ishlash texnologiyasiga bogʻliq holda oʻzgaradi [4].