WORD ORDER PATTERNS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK SENTENCES

Abstract

Annotation:This extended paper provides an in-depth linguistic investigation of word order patterns in English and Uzbek, examining the phenomenon from syntactic, morphological, pragmatic, and typological perspectives. The purpose of the research is to reveal how two typologically different languages organize sentence elements, how meaning changes depending on word order, and how speakers use syntactic arrangement to structure information and express communicative intention. English, as an analytic language with minimal case marking, maintains a fixed SVO pattern where linear order carries grammatical meaning. Because nouns lack inflection, the position of the subject, verb, and object becomes the primary mechanism for signaling grammatical roles, and deviations from the canonical order often cause ambiguity or alter meaning entirely. Uzbek, being an agglutinative SOV language, demonstrates significant flexibility because nouns are marked with case suffixes, allowing free word rearrangement without obscuring grammatical relations. The annotation also emphasizes cross-linguistic contrasts in forming questions, negation, emphasis, topicalization, and focus. English depends heavily on auxiliary verbs, inversion, and prosodic emphasis, while Uzbek relies on particles, affixes, and syntactic freedom. The study highlights how English prioritizes structural stability to maintain clarity, whereas Uzbek leverages morphological marking to prioritize expressiveness, emphasis, and discourse coherence. The research further discusses common mistakes made by Uzbek learners of English, particularly those related to the influence of SOV word order, as well as challenges English-speaking learners face when interpreting flexible Uzbek syntax. The annotation concludes that understanding word order differences is essential for translation, grammar teaching, bilingual proficiency, and comparative linguistics, as word order reflects cognitive processing, cultural patterns of communication, and the syntactic principles underlying human language.