MINTAQAVIY MAQOMLARNING FARQLI JIHATLARI: FARG‘ONA–TOSHKENT VA XORAZM MAQOMLARI TAHLILI
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: maqom, Farg‘ona–Toshkent maktabi, Xorazm maqomlari, mintaqaviy uslub, an’anaviy qo‘shiqchilik, improvizatsiya, lad tizimi, ustoz-shogird an’anasi, vokal texnikasi, musiqiy meros., Keywords: maqom, Fergana–Tashkent school, Khorezm maqoms, regional style, improvisation, vocal technique, traditional music, Uzbek heritage.Abstract
Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston hududida shakllangan ikki yirik maqom maktabi — Farg‘ona–Toshkent va Xorazm maqomlarining musiqiy, madaniy va ijrochilik xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Har bir mintaqaviy uslubning ohang tuzilishi, ritmik naqshlari, vokal texnikasi, improvizatsiya shakllari hamda pedagogik yondashuvlari ilmiy nuqtai nazardan solishtirilib o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqot davomida maqomlarning tarixiy ildizlari, ularning shakllanishiga ta’sir ko‘rsatgan madaniy omillar hamda ustoz-shogird an’anasi orqali og‘zaki o‘tish mexanizmlari tahlil etiladi. Maqola O‘zbekiston maqom san’atining estetik mohiyatini yoritish, mintaqaviy ijrochilik uslublarining o‘zaro farqlarini aniqlash va ularning milliy musiqiy merosdagi o‘rnini belgilashga qaratilgan.
Abstract: This article analyzes the musical and cultural distinctions between the two major regional traditions of Uzbek maqom — the Fergana–Tashkent and Khorezm schools. It provides a detailed examination of their melodic structures, rhythmic patterns, vocal techniques, improvisational styles, and pedagogical approaches. The research highlights the historical, cultural, and aesthetic foundations that shaped each tradition, emphasizing how the Fergana–Tashkent maqoms express lyrical emotion and poetic subtlety, while the Khorezm maqoms embody dramatic intensity and rhythmic complexity. The study concludes that both regional traditions together form a comprehensive representation of Uzbekistan’s rich musical heritage, reflecting the nation’s diverse cultural identity.
