"SIYDIK YO‘LLARI INFEKSIYALARI: ZAMONAVIY DIAGNOSTIKA YONDASHUVLARI VA ANTIBIOTIKLARGA CHIDAMLILIK MUAMMOSI"
Ключевые слова:
Kalit so’zlar: SYI tarqalishi va asosiy sabablari, Zamonaviy tashxislash usullari (urinkultura, PCR, ultratovush tekshiruvi va b.), Antibiotiklarga rezistentlik (E.coli misolida), Profilaktika choralari, Individual terapevtik yondashuvlar.Аннотация
Annotatsiya. Ushbu tezisda siydik yo‘llari infeksiyalarining (SYI) tarqalishi, asosiy sababchi mikroorganizmlari, zamonaviy tashxis usullari va antibiotiklarga rezistentlik muammosi atroflicha yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda ayniqsa Escherichia coli bakteriyasining chidamlilik xususiyatlari, urinkultura va PCR diagnostikasi, shuningdek, ultratovush tekshiruvi kabi amaliy usullar tahlil etilgan. Shuningdek, SYI profilaktikasi bo‘yicha individual va tizimli yondashuvlar, O‘zbekistonda sog‘liqni saqlash tizimidagi islohotlar va aholini skrining dasturlariga jalb qilish muhim omil sifatida ko‘rsatilgan. Mazkur tezis zamonaviy tibbiyotda diagnostika, profilaktika va antibiotik terapiyani ratsional tashkil etish yo‘nalishlariga oid muhim ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega. Ushbu mavzu hozirgi kunda dolzarb hisoblanadi, chunki siydik yo‘llari infeksiyalari (SYI) – ayniqsa ayollar, keksa yoshdagilar va bolalar orasida keng tarqalgan. Shu bilan birga, infeksion agentlarning ko‘plab antibiotiklarga chidamliligi ortib bormoqda.
Abstract. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs), their main causative microorganisms, modern diagnostic methods, and the problem of antibiotic resistance. The study specifically analyzes the resistance characteristics of Escherichia coli bacteria, urine culture and PCR diagnostics, as well as practical methods such as ultrasound. It also highlights individual and systematic approaches to UTI prevention, reforms in the healthcare system in Uzbekistan, and the involvement of the population in screening programs as important factors. This thesis is of significant scientific and practical importance in the areas of rational organization of diagnostics, prevention, and antibiotic therapy in modern medicine. This topic is currently relevant, since UTIs are widespread, especially among women, the elderly, and children. At the same time, the resistance of infectious agents to many antibiotics is increasing.Keywords: Prevalence and main causes of UTI, Modern diagnostic methods (urine culture, PCR, ultrasound, etc.), Antibiotic resistance (in the case of E. coli), Preventive measures, Individual therapeutic approaches.
