B GURUHLI STREPTOKOKK (STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE) VA UNING NEONATAL INFEKTSIYALARDAGI ROLI

Abstract

Group B Streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) commonly colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of pregnant women (10–30% prevalence). Vertical transmission during labor can cause early-onset neonatal disease (within 0–7 days), including sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis, and late-onset disease (7–90 days), with significant morbidity and mortality. Universal antenatal screening at 36–37 weeks and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) have reduced early-onset disease by over 80%. Challenges remain with antibiotic resistance, prevention of late-onset disease, and global implementation of prevention programs. This review examines epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and future directions.