SEASONAL CHANGES: DYNAMICS OF GRASSLAND VEGETATION COMPOSITION
Ключевые слова:
Natural pastures, Uzbekistan, pasture management, livestock feeding, Crotalaria juncea, sun hemp, nitrogen fixation, biodiversity, botanical composition, ecological sustainability, pasture productivity, animal nutrition, Karakul sheep, arid pastures, sustainable agriculture.Аннотация
This article examines the long-standing tradition of using natural pastures in Uzbekistan, focusing on the ecological, economic, and agricultural aspects of pasture management. The study explores the botanical and chemical composition of pasture plants, their seasonal changes, and their impact on livestock productivity. Special attention is given to Crotalaria juncea (sun hemp), a fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing plant with potential benefits for pasture enrichment and livestock feed. However, concerns over excessive consumption due to its alkaloid content are highlighted. The research emphasizes the importance of sustainable pasture use, scientific monitoring, and rational livestock feeding strategies to prevent degradation and maintain biodiversity. The findings are based on multi-year field studies in desert, foothill, and mountain pastures, analyzing factors such as vegetation cycles, climate influence, and plant nutritional values. The study underscores the need for an integrated approach to pasture management to enhance livestock productivity while preserving natural ecosystems
