PLATELETS, BLOOD GROUPS, AND RH FACTOR: BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

This article discusses the biological and clinical significance of platelets, blood groups, and the Rh (Rhesus) factor in human physiology and transfusion medicine. It reviews the structure and functions of platelets in hemostasis, the classification of the ABO blood group system, and the immunological basis of the Rh factor. Special attention is given to the genetic mechanisms of inheritance, the compatibility of blood types in transfusion, and the role of platelet and Rh analysis in preventing hemolytic disease of the newborn. The study integrates modern research findings and WHO medical guidelines to highlight the importance of safe transfusion practices and personalized medicine