SHHT NING MINTAQAVIY XAVF-XATAR VA TAHDIDLARNI NEYTRALLASHDAGI O‘RNI
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: “uch yovuz kuch”, terrorizm, ShHT, RATS, Tinchlik missiyasi, TolibonAbstract
Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada Shanxay Hamkorlik Tashkilotining (ShHT) Yevroosiyo mintaqasida barqarorlik va xavfsizlikni ta’minlashdagi o‘rni va ahamiyati chuqur tahlil qilinadi. ShHT o‘z faoliyati davomida xalqaro siyosatda nufuzga ega bo‘lib, mintaqaviy xavf-xatar va tahdidlarga qarshi kurashish uchun samarali mexanizmlar va mustahkam qonunchilik bazasini shakllantirgan. Ayniqsa, 2021-yilda AQSh qurolli kuchlari Afg‘onistondan olib chiqilgach va “Tolibon” hokimiyatni egallagach, yuzaga kelgan xavf-xatarlar, jumladan, terrorizm, narkotik moddalar savdosi, noqonuniy migratsiya va gumanitar inqirozlar, ShHT uchun muhim muammolar sifatida qayd etiladi. Maqolada tashkilotga a’zo davlatlarning milliy manfaatlari va xavfsizligi afg‘on masalasiga bevosita bog‘liq ekani ta’kidlanadi. ShHTning 2021-yil sentabr oyida Dushanbeda bo‘lib o‘tgan yubiley sammitida tashkilotga a’zo davlatlar afg‘on masalasini siyosiy-diplomatik yo‘llar orqali hal qilish va Afg‘onistonda barcha etnik, diniy va siyosiy guruhlar ishtirokida inklyuziv hukumat tuzish zarurligi bo‘yicha umumiy pozitsiya qabul qilishgani yoritilgan. Shuningdek, to‘liq ishtirokchi sifatida Eron mintaqaviy muammolarni hal qilishda tashkilot uchun qo'shimcha ustunlikka aylandi. Eronning Afg‘oniston rivojlanishiga ta’sir qilish imkoniyati yangi afg‘on hukumati bilan muloqot o‘rnatishda asosiy omillardan biri sifatida qaralmoqda. Shu bilan birga, ShHTning xavfsizlik sohasidagi integratsion imkoniyatlari va uning afg‘on masalasidagi ijobiy roli ham yoritilgan. Mazkur maqola tashkilotning mintaqaviy tahdidlarga qarshi kurashda muhim o‘rin tutishini ko‘rsatadi.
References
1. Alimov R. Shanghai Cooperation Organization: formation, development, prospects. Moscow: Publishing House «The Whole world»; 2017. 368 p. (In Russ.).
2. Ziegler E. Charles. Central Asia, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and American Foreign Policy. Asian Survey. 2013;53(3):484-505.
3. Lukin A.V. Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Russian interests in Central Asia and Afghanistan. Bulletin of MGIMO University. 2011;5(20):37-47. (In Russ.).
4. Lukin A. V. Shanghai Cooperation Organization: in search of a new role. 2015. July 9. URL: https://globalaffairs.ru/articles/shanhajskaya-organizacziya-sotrudnichestva-v-poiskah-novoj-roli/
5. Narysov S. J. SCO: achievements and prospects. Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the modern world. Analytical reports of MGIMO Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. May. Moscow: 2007. Issue 3(18). 74 p. (In Russ.).
6. Chuphrin G. SCO: Que vadis. International life. 2008;6:53-64. (In Russ.).
7. Barsky K. Shanghai Cooperation Organization on the eve of the Bishkek Summit: the main tasks of the moment. 2013. May 22. URL: https://interaffairs.ru/news/show/9544
8. Efremenko D.V. Shanghai Cooperation Organization after expansion: new challenges and prospects. West. Moscow. un-ta. Ser. 25. International relations and world politics. 2019;11(3):128-159. (In Russ.).
9. Development Strategy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization until 2025. URL: http://static.kremlin.ru/media/events/files/ru/a3YPpGqLvQI4uaMX43lMkrMbFNewBneO.pdf
10. Alimov R. The summit in Qingdao became a milestone for the SCO. 2018. June 10. URL: https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/5280634
11. The special services of the SCO countries approved the draft anti-terrorism program for 2022-2024. 2021. March 18. URL: https://www.ritmeurasia.org/news–2021-03-18–specsluzhby-stran-shos-odobrili-proekt-programmyborby-s-terrorizmom-na-2022-2024-gg.-53778
12. On the SCO joint military exercises “Peace Mission–2021”. 2021. September 29. URL: http://rus.sectsco.org/archive_news/20210929/782852.html
13. Mezentsev D. SCO strategy — development and expansion. 2015. December 30. URL: https://russiancouncil.ru/analytics-and-comments/comments/strategiya-shos-razvitie-irasshirenie/
14. The US Treasury has stated that it is not going to unfreeze the financial assets of Afghanistan. 2021. October 19. URL: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/12705467
15. Meeting with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Makhdoom Shah Mahmoud Kureishi. 2021. July 12. URL: http://prezident.tj/ru/node/26368
16. Rahmon called for the inclusion of Tajiks in the government of Afghanistan. 2021. September 24. URL: https://tj.sputniknews.ru/20210924/rahmon-afghanistan-pravitelstvo-tadzhiki-1042468623.html
17. The Kyrgyz authorities have expressed their position on the Taliban. 2021. November 5th. URL: https://rus.azattyk.org/a/31546943.html
18. Diplomats from Kyrgyzstan met with the Taliban on behalf of Zhaparov. 2021. September 24. URL: https://tj.sputniknews.ru/20210924/taliban-afghanistan-kyrgyzstan-zhaparov-1042469925.html
19. Uzbekistan proposed to unfreeze the assets of Afghanistan in foreign banks. 2021. September 17. URL: https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2021/09/17/frozen-assets/
20. Tokayev outlined Kazakhstan’s position on Afghanistan. 2021. September 9. URL: https://orda.kz/tokaev-oboznachil-poziciju-kazahstana-po-afganistanu/
21. The President of Turkmenistan took part in the SCO summit as an honorary guest. 2021. September 18. URL: https://e-cis.info/news/568/94710/
22. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan held talks with the Taliban: results. 2021. October 31. URL: https://tj.sputniknews.ru/20211031/turkmenistan-peregovory-taliby-1043195233.html
23. Putin and Xi Jinping discussed the situation in Afghanistan by phone. 2021. August 25. URL: https://www.interfax.ru/world/786496
24. Kortunov A. International multilateralism: opportunities and constraints. 2021. August 30. URL: https://russiancouncil.ru/activity/workingpapers/mezhdunarodnaya-mnogostoronnost-vozmozhnosti-i-ogranichiteli/
25. Fedorova I.E. Iranian-Afghan relations at the present stage. Eastern Analytics. 2019;4:135-141. (In Russ.).
26. Partnership between Russia and Iran: current state and prospects of development. INF report №29. Moscow: INF; 2017. 183 p. (In Russ.).
27. Karami J. Central Eurasia needs institutions. 2009. July 5. URL: https://globalaffairs.ru/articles/czentralnoj-evrazii-nuzhny-instituty
28. Kirichenko V.P. Participation of the Khazars of Afghanistan in the Syrian conflict. Russia and the Muslim world. 2019;4(314):70-78. (In Russ.).
29. Kortunov A. Solving the problem of Afghanistan: necessary conditions and international consequences. INF report №76. Moscow: INF; 2021. 42 p. (In Russ.).
30. The Afghanistan-Iran-India trade corridor has been opened through the port of Chabahar. 2019. February 25. URL: http://casp-geo.ru/otkryt-torgovyj-koridor-afganistan-iran-indiya-cherez-port-chabahar
31. Knyazev A. About the fate of trans-Afghan projects. 2021. June 29. URL: https://ia-centr.ru/experts/aleksandr-knyazev/aleksandr-knyazev-o-sudbakh-transafganskikh-proektov/
