YANGI ANIQLANGAN QANDLI DIABET BEMORLARDA DIABETIK RETINOPATIYA SKRININGI O‘TKAZILISHIDAGI AXAMIYATI
Ключевые слова:
Kalit so‘zlar: Diabetik retinopatiya, qandli diabet, ko‘rish o‘tkirligi, skrining tekshiruv.Аннотация
Annotatsiya. Diabetik retinopatiya(DR) qandli diabet(QD) kasalligining keng tarqalgan asoratlaridan biri. Kasallikni vaqtida aniqlanmasligi bemorlarda o‘zgartirib bo‘lmas degenerativ o‘zgarishlar kelib chiqishiga sabab bo‘ladi. Natijada bemorlarning ko‘rish o‘tkirligi (KO‘) keskin pasayib, keyinchalik davolash imkoni ta’sir etmaydigan ko‘rlik kelib chiqishiga sabab bo‘ladi. QD bemorlarda kasallikning boshlang‘ich davrida DR yashirin tarzda kechishi mumkin. Xozirda dunyo oftalmologlari oldidagi asosiy vazifalardan biri DR belgilarini kasallikning dastlabki davrida aniqlash kabilar yotadi. Faqatgina bemorlarda o‘tkaziladigan skrining tekshiruvlar DRni oldinroq aniqlash imkonini yaratadi. Shu maqsadda biz Andijon viloyatida QD kasalligi yangi aniqlangan 860ta (1714 ko‘z) bemorlarda diabetik retinopatiya skrining (DRS) tekshiruvini amalga oshirdik. Bu bemorlarda oftalmologik tekshiruvlar bilan bir qatorda qondagi qand miqdori xam tekshirildi. Tadqiqot o‘tkazishdan maqsad erta aniqlangan DR belgilarining tashqalish chastotasini aniqlash va QDning birinchi va ikkinchi tur bilan xastalangan bemorlarda DRni kelib chiqishini taqqoslashdir. O‘tkazilgan skrining tekshiruvlar natijasida 102ta (177 ko‘z) bemorlarda DRning belgilari aniqlandi va ularga kerakli davolash rejasi ishlab chiqarildi. QD bilan kasallanish staji 0,2 – 1 yilni tashkil etadi. Aniqlangan DRning 3tasi QDning birinchi turiga, 99tasi ikkinchi turiga mansub. Ularning xayot tarzlari, kasallik tarixlari o‘rganilib chiqildi va DRning erta rivojlanishlariga sabab bo‘lgan omillar o‘rganilib chiqildi. DRS tekshiruvining o‘tkazilishi DRning dastlabki belgilarini aniqlashdagi o‘rni beqiyos bo‘lib, bemorlarning KO‘ni saqlanishida va DR maydonini chegaralanilishi uchun kerakli davolash taktikasini belgilashda muxim axamiyatni kasb etadi.
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