CLASSES AND OBJECTS. CONSTRUCTOR. CREATING OBJECT ATTRIBUTES

Authors

  • Onarqulov Maqsadjon Karimberdiyevich Author
  • Odina Isroiljon qizi Ismoiljonova Author

Keywords:

Class, object, constructor, attribute, Python, object-oriented programming, __init__ method, methods, encapsulation

Abstract

This article explores the core concepts of object-oriented programming — including classes, objects, constructors, and the process of creating object attributes. It emphasizes the practical importance of the object-oriented approach in enabling proper software structuring and code reusability. Each concept is explained with clear examples in Python, making the material accessible for beginner programmers. 

References

Booch, Grady. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications. 3rd Edition.

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— Comprehensive coverage of OOP concepts, including classes, objects, and

encapsulation.

Stroustrup, Bjarne. The C++ Programming Language. 4th Edition. Addison-Wesley,

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Addison-Wesley,

2012.

— Fundamentals of classes and attributes in object-oriented programming.

Schildt, Herbert. Java: The Complete Reference. 11th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2018.

— Practical guide on encapsulation and constructors in Java.

Gamma, Erich, Helm, Richard, Johnson, Ralph, Vlissides, John. Design Patterns:

Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison-Wesley, 1994.

— Classic resource for design patterns and advanced OOP concepts.

Sebesta, Robert W. Concepts of Programming Languages. 11th Edition. Pearson, 2015.

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encapsulation.

Python Software Foundation. Python Language Reference, version 3.9. Available at:

https://docs.python.org/3/reference/

— Official documentation on constructors and attributes in Python.

Published

2025-05-18

How to Cite

CLASSES AND OBJECTS. CONSTRUCTOR. CREATING OBJECT ATTRIBUTES. (2025). ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ, 69(5), 10-23. https://scientific-jl.com/obr/article/view/14344