COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DOCTRINE OF SEPARATION OF POWERS. (IN THE WORKS OF J. LOCKE AND CH. MONTESQUIEU)
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Separation of powers, executive power, legislative power, judicial power, individual rights and freedoms, political system.##article.abstract##
The doctrine of separation of powers, a cornerstone of modern political thought, was shaped by John Locke and Charles Montesquieu. Locke, in his Two Treatises of Government, proposed a division of powers into legislative, executive, and federative
branches, emphasizing the supremacy of the legislative power while advocating for limited government to protect individual rights and prevent absolutism. Montesquieu, in The Spirit of Laws, expanded on this by introducing a tripartite system of legislative,
executive, and judicial powers, stressing the need of checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power. While Locke focused on the legislative branch as supreme, Montesquieu highlighted the interdependence and mutual control of the branches to
maintain harmony. Both thinkers profoundly influenced the development of democratic governance, efficiency, freedoms, and the prevention of concentrated power, principles that continue to underpin modern political systems worldwide.
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1.
powers has been promoting efficiency in government administration by advocating
individual rights and freedom.
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2005.
