THE ROLE OF PRO72ARG (TP53) POLYMORPHISM IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Abstract

The TP53 gene is one of the most critical tumor suppressor genes in the human genome, often referred to as the "guardian of the genome." It plays a central role in maintaining cellular integrity by regulating key processes such as the cell cycle, DNA repair mechanisms, senescence, and apoptosis. The proper function of TP53 ensures that cells with damaged DNA either undergo repair or are eliminated, preventing the accumulation of mutations that could lead to malignant transformation. Consequently, alterations in TP53 function can have profound effects on cellular homeostasis and increase the risk of both hematologic and solid malignancies.