MECHANISMS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND HYPOTENSION
Keywords:
Keywords: Arterial Hypertension, Hypotension, Blood Pressure Regulation, Sympathetic Nervous System, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Vascular Resistance, Cardiovascular DiseasesAbstract
Abstract
Arterial hypertension and hypotension are common cardiovascular conditions
that affect millions of people worldwide. Hypertension is characterized by persistently
elevated blood pressure, whereas hypotension involves abnormally low blood pressure.
Both conditions are associated with various pathophysiological mechanisms that
disrupt the balance of the cardiovascular system. This article explores the mechanisms
underlying arterial hypertension and hypotension, highlighting the roles of the
autonomic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and
vascular resistance, as well as their clinical implications.
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