FASTFUD ISTE'MOL QILISH NATIJASI O`T TOSH KASALLIGI KELIB CHIQISHI: ETIOLOGIK VA DIETIK OMILLAR TAHLILI
Keywords:
Kalit soʼzlar: xolielitiaz, fastfud iste'moli, to'yinmagan yog'lar, oziq-ovqat tolasi, semirish, xolesterin to'yinganligi.Abstract
Rezyume.
O`t tosh kasalligi dunyo aholisining taxminan 10-15% ga ta'sir qiladi va
rivojlangan mamlakatlarda tez-tez uchraydi, bu yerda tez (fastfud) tayyorlanadigan
oziq-ovqat iste'moli ortib bormoqda. Yaqinda o'tkazilgan tadqiqotlar shuni
ko'rsatadiki, to'yinmagan yog'lar va qayta ishlangan shakarlar ko'p bo'lgan dietalar –
bu tez tayyorlanadigan oziq-ovqatga xos (fastfud) bo'lgan omillar – o't toshi
shakllanishi uchun muhim xavf omillaridir. Masalan, 2022 yilda o'tkazilgan bir
tadqiqotda haftada uch martadan ko'p fastfud iste'mol qilgan odamlar sog'lom dietaga
amal qilganlarga qaraganda 20% ko'proq o't toshi kasalligiga chalinganligi haqida
xabar berilgan. Saudiya Arabistonida 2020 yilda o'tkazilgan yana bir tadqiqot shuni
ko'rsatdiki, xolielitiaz kasalligiga chalingan ayollarning 35% tez-tez fastfud iste'mol
qilish tarixi bor edi, bu esa ayollarda o't toshlari rivojlanish ehtimoli ikki baravar
yuqori ekanligini ko'rsatadi.
Fastfudga asoslangan dietalar o't toshlari shakllanishiga o'tda xolesterin
to'yinganligini oshirish orqali hissa qo'shadi, bu esa xolesterin kristallarining
shakllanishiga olib keladi. Bundan tashqari, bunday ovqatlarda tolalar kam bo'lgani
uchun o't pufagi harakatlanishiga salbiy ta'sir qiladi va tosh shakllanish xavfini
oshiradi. Butun dunyoda o`t tosh kasalligi kasalligi har yili taxminan 1,5 million
xoletsistektomiyaga olib keladi va bu sog‘liqni saqlash sohasida katta xarajatlarga
sabab bo‘ladi.
Profilaktika strategiyalari yuqori yog' va shakarli ovqatlar iste'molini
kamaytirishga, tolaga boy dietalarni va muntazam jismoniy faoliyatni targ'ib qilishga
qaratilgan. Jamoat salomatligi kampaniyalari va individual dietik aralashuvlar o't
toshi bilan bog'liq asoratlarning ko'payishini kamaytirishda muhim ahamiyatga ega.
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