PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH POST– COVID-19 CONDITION AMONG NONHOSPITALIZED ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS
Keywords:
Key Words: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Post-infectious, Complications, Long term, Fatigue syndrome, Management, PreventionAbstract
Post-COVID syndrome also known as long COVID refers to symptoms
persisting for more than three weeks after the diagnosis of COVID-19. We reviewed
the current evidence on post-COVID syndrome, focusing on its clinical manifestations
and addressing the challenges for its management in primary healthcare. The incidence
of post-COVID syndrome is estimated at 10–35%, while for hospitalized patients it
may reach 85%. Fatigue is the most common symptom reported in 17.5–72% of post-
COVID cases, followed by residual dyspnea with an incidence ranging from 10–40%.
Mental problems, chest pain, and olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may affect up to
26, 22 and 11% of patients, respectively. More than one third of patients with post-
COVID syndrome have pre-existing comorbidities, hypertension and diabetes mellitus
being the most common. Beyond the prolonged duration of symptoms, the scarce
published data indicate that most patients with post-COVID syndrome have a good
prognosis with no further complications or fatal outcomes reported. Given the clinical
spectrum of patients with post-COVID syndrome, most of them will be managed by
primary healthcare professionals, in conjunction with pre-existing or new co-
morbidities, which, in turn, may increase the burden of COVID-19 on primary
healthcare. In conclusion approximately 10% of patients with COVID-19 may have
symptoms persisting beyond three weeks, fulfilling the criteria of post-COVID
syndrome. Primary healthcare professionals have a key role in the management of
patients with post-COVID syndrome. Research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis,
clinical spectrum, and prognosis of post-COVID syndrome.
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